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African Renaissance Volume 11, Number 2, 2014, FOREIGN AID AND TERRORISM IN AFRICA

About This Edition

ISSN : 1744-2532 (Print) 2516-5305 (Online)

Table of Contents :

Editorial: Re-thinking foreign aid in the fight against terrorism
Jideofor Adibe7

Aiding the State or Aiding Terrorism? Aid and Terrorism in African States
Oluwaseun Bamidele15

Is there geography of terrorism in Africa? And is there an aid connection? I think so. But I do not mean that there is a causal relationship between aid and terrorism in Africa or that aid has created terrorists in the region. The point is that aid has supported terrorism, either by being a rallying point of mobilising violence against the state, or developed a ‘‘no stakeholder’’ attitude among citizens as suggested by complaints of security operatives that citizens were not supporting them fully in the fight against terrorists insurgency in the Sahel region of Africa. Thus, the paper explores this point by examining the points where terrorism-prone violence is concentrated in the region in relation to the aid rate and the population surviving on aid. And if Africa is to witness any meaningful development, the problem of terrorism and aid disbursement must be thoroughly addressed and its entrapments must be genuinely combated.

Foreign aid and extremism in the Horn of Africa: Reflections on developments in Somalia
Abdulkadir Osman Farah37

International ensemble: A convoluted panacea to the Boko Haram scourge in Nigeria?
Sithole Anyway57

The Nigerian government has been battling to contain the threat posed by Boko Haram, a militant Islamist group that has been launching guerrilla- style attacks in pursuit of its objectives to oppose Western education as well as a secular state. All along, Nigeria has been reluctant to accept international assistance to fight Boko Haram arguing that the government had the capacity to deal with the situation. However, it has since become irrefutable that Nigeria’s domestic security apparatus lacks robust mechanisms to effectively deal with Boko Haram whose threats have become amplified and credible. The recent abduction of Chibok school girls became the wake-up call which triggered worldwide concern and ultimately galvanised the international community to cooperate and render expert assistance to Nigeria. Although this development may have immense potential to force Boko Haram to capitulate, intriguing paradoxes are emerging. Involving external parties to the conflict carries an inherent risk of worsening the tension between Muslims and Christians, leading to conflict escalation. Therefore the international effort to assist Nigeria must be rendered intelligently, assiduously and comprehensively, lest it becomes a temporary, short- term solution whose real problem may manifest and resurface soon before the footprints of the foreign forces are erased.

Non-theme article: A Statistical Report on the Educational Attainment Status of Black Americans
Amadu Jacky Kaba79

This report presents a brief statistical overview of the higher education attainment status of Black Americans. The report begins by presenting college enrollment data, which show that by October 2012, while 5.9% (8.6 million) males aged 3 and over were enrolled in college, the rate was 6.8% for Black males; and while 7.4% (11.33 million) of females aged 3 and over were enrolled in college, the rate was 9.4% for Black females. By 2012, there were 2.15 million Black women and 1.522 million Black men with bachelor’s degree; 124,000 Black men and 105,000 Black women with doctorates; and 121,000 Black women and 105,000 Black men with professional degrees. The report presents data on doctoral degree recipients in the United States in 2012, including their debt level, with Blacks having a cumulative debt (undergraduate and graduate) of $54,132, $25,992 for Whites and $14,866 for Asians. The report presents data showing that Black American doctoral recipients in 2012 had fewer opportunities for various types of scholarships and grant, and that they paid the highest amount for their education with their own resources: 39.4%; 21.3% for Whites and 12% for Asians. Finally the report shows that compared with other racial groups, fewer proportions of the fathers and mothers of Black American degree recipients in 2012 had bachelors and graduate degrees.

[abstract]


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